Hopkins, Daniel P. ‘The Danish Ban on the Atlantic Slave Trade and Denmark’s African Colonial Ambitions, 1787–1807’. (2001)

Hopkins, Daniel P. ‘The Danish Ban on the Atlantic Slave Trade and Denmark’s African Colonial Ambitions, 1787–1807’. Itinerario, vol. 25, no. 3–4, Cambridge University Press, Nov. 2001, pp. 154–184.

On 16 March 1792, King Christian VII of Denmark, his own incompetent hand guided by that of the young Crown Prince Frederik (VI), signed decree banning both the importation of slaves into the Danish West Indies (now the United States Virgin Islands) and their export from the Danish establishments on the Guinea Coast, in what is now Ghana. To soften the blow to the planters of the Danish West Indies and to secure the continued production of sugar, the law was not to take effect for ten years. In the meantime, imports of slaves, and of women especially, would actually encouraged by state loans and favourable tariffs, so as, it was hoped, render the slave population capable of reproducing itself naturally thereafter.

doi:10.1017/S0165115300015035.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/itinerario/article/abs/danish-ban-on-the-atlantic-slave-trade-and-denmarks-african-colonial-ambitions-17871807/C940EE47F9E130847768DE9740DC8910

Marselis, Randi. ‘Descendants of Slaves: The Articulation of Mixed Racial Ancestry in a Danish Television Documentary Series’. (2008) [PDF]

Marselis, Randi. ‘Descendants of Slaves: The Articulation of Mixed Racial Ancestry in a Danish Television Documentary Series’. European Journal of Cultural Studies, vol. 11, no. 4, SAGE Publications Ltd, Nov. 2008, pp. 447–469.

The aim of the Danish television documentary series Slavernes Slægt (Descendants of Slaves, 2005) has been to enhance public awareness of Danish colonial history. As is typical of contemporary mediated memories, the account of national history is combined with `small histories’ that focus on live stories of individuals and their families. Participating in the series are present-day descendants of enslaved Africans who, as a result of an interest in family historical research, have found information about their black ancestry. The series challenges the supposed historical homogeneity of Nordic nation-states by pointing out the historical presence of black individuals. However, this article will show how discourses of family history (e.g. the focus on bloodlines) converge with old `race’ theory; the result of which is that the series inadvertently reproduces processes of visual Othering.

doi:10.1177/1367549408094982.

PDF: https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549408094982.

Stawski, Scott. Denmark’s Veiled Role in Slavery in the Americas: The Impact of the Danish West Indies on the Transatlantic Slave Trade. (2020) [PDF]

Stawski, Scott. Denmark’s Veiled Role in Slavery in the Americas: The Impact of the Danish West Indies on the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Sept. 2020.

he legacy of Danish participation in the transatlantic slave trade is presented as that of a minor player in the practice who had an oversized positive influence on abolishing the slave trade. The current historiography estimates that Danish participation was less than 1% of the 12 million enslaved Africans transported to the Americas from 1501 to 1880. Through various grants of rights and privileges, Danish slaves were provided a better quality of life than their counterparts. In 1792, Denmark became the first colonial power to abolish their participation by announcing an end to the practice in 1803 and setting a standard for all colonial powers to follow. The results of the research and reported in this thesis shows this historiography to be inaccurate as to historical quantification and misleading as to historical legacy. New data is available on the scale of Danish participation. By applying a more informed paradigm to the empirical data, Danish participation in the transatlantic slave trade is six times the scale of what has been historically reported making Denmark the fifth largest slave-trading nation within the Americas. This new historical quantification coupled with an analysis of the underlying rationale for Denmark’s abolition of their participation in the slave trade suggests a different historical legacy for Denmark than what is currently promulgated.

PDF: https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/37365426.

Gøbel, Erik. The Danish Slave Trade and Its Abolition. (2016)

Gøbel, Erik. The Danish Slave Trade and Its Abolition. Brill: 2016.

‘In The Danish Slave Trade and Its Abolition, Erik Gøbel offers an account of the well-documented Danish transatlantic slave trade. Denmark was the seventh-largest slave-trading nation with forts and factories on the Gold Coast and a colony in the Virgin Islands. The comprehensive Danish archival material provides the basis for Gøbel’s descriptions of the volume and composition of the slave trade and trade cargoes, as well as the shipping and conditions on board along the Middle Passage. Attention is also paid to the 1791 Danish Slave Trade Commission report and the final decision to abolish the slave trade altogether’–Provided by publisher.

https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004330566.

Andersen, Frits, and Jakob Ladegaard. Kampen om de danske slaver: aktuelle perspektiver på kolonihistorien. (2017)

Andersen, Frits, and Jakob Ladegaard. Kampen om de danske slaver: aktuelle perspektiver på kolonihistorien. Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2017.

Dansk slaverihistorie er ikke slut. Selvom det er 100 år siden, at Danmark solgte De Vestindiske Øer til USA, spøger slaveriet stadig. Arven fra kolonitiden er både velkendt og ukendt, fortrængt og forklaret, og det stiller krav til os om både viden og engagement.  Kampen om de danske slaver diskuterer den rolle, slaverihistorien spiller og bør spille i dag. Bogens forfattere udfordrer vanefortællingerne i den aktuelle, offentlige debat ved at følge sporene efter dansk slaveri i efterkommeres historier, arkiver og ruiner, sorte lakridser, kunst og litteratur. Med vidt forskellige synsvinkler og tolkninger bidrager de til den fortsatte diskussion om slaveriets plads i vores fælles historie, der hverken er sort eller hvid.

Indhold:

Frits Andersen og Jakob Ladegaard: Indledning

Gunvor Simonsen: Fortiden i nutiden

Pernille Ipsen og Hermann von Hesse: Døde rotter under Christiansborg

Frits Andersen: Slavefortællinger som flerstrenget erindring

Alex Frank Larsen: Den grumme arv—Interview med tre danske efterkommere af tidligere slaveejere

Jakob Ladegaard og Sine Jensen Smed: Oplyst slaveri?

Elisabeth Skou Pedersen: En spøgelseshistorie—Interview med kunstner Jeannette Ehlers

Mathias Danbolt: Mediestorme om kolonihistoriens aftryk i dansk visuel kultur

Hans Hauge: Slavesagen litterært betragtet

Nathalia Brichet: Genopbygning af en tidligere dansk plantage i Ghana

Jeff Klintø: Undervisning i slavehistorie

Astrid Nonbo Andersen: Erstatningskrav

Kasper og Anne Green Munk: At kende sandheden — Interview med Shelley Moorhead

Uddrag: http://samples.pubhub.dk/9788771845099.pdf.

https://unipress.dk/udgivelser/k/kampen-om-de-danske-slaver/

Andersen, Astrid Nonbo. ‘“We Have Reconquered the Islands”: Figurations in Public Memories of Slavery and Colonialism in Denmark 1948–2012’. (2013) [PDF]

Andersen, Astrid Nonbo. ‘“We Have Reconquered the Islands”: Figurations in Public Memories of Slavery and Colonialism in Denmark 1948–2012’. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, vol. 26, no. 1, Mar. 2013, pp. 57–76.

The fact that Denmark was deeply engaged in the practices of the slave trade and slavery from the seventeenth century to 1848 often goes unnoticed—even in Denmark. For this reason, a number of Danish scholars and artists have characterized Danish ignorance of the colonial past as repression. This article demonstrates that the colonial past has in fact never been repressed, but has instead been subject to figurations, as theorized by Olick (2007). The initial experiences of colonialism have been screened at different points in time rendering the past in versions very far from the actual historical events themselves. Recently, new claims for reparations for slavery and colonialism in the former Danish West Indies have challenged the existing notions of the colonial past in Denmark. These claims have not resulted in an official Danish politics of regret (Olick 2007) as witnessed in other former colonial states. Whereas, a radical break away from the earlier conceptions of the colonial past is demanded, instead new figurations and renarrations have been used to try to incorporate the new challenges to the historical imaginary into the older layers of memory without radically breaking away from it, creating somewhat surprising results that questions the notions of a uniform global memory and understanding of historical injustices.

doi:10.1007/s10767-013-9133-z.

PDF: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10767-013-9133-z.

Andersen, Astrid Nonbo. Ingen undskyldning : erindringer om Dansk Vestindien og kravet om erstatninger for slaveriet. (2017)

Andersen, Astrid Nonbo. Ingen undskyldning : erindringer om Dansk Vestindien og kravet om erstatninger for slaveriet. Kbh.: Gyldendal, 2017.

Undersøger den nutidige brug af og relation til vores koloniale fortid på Jomfruøerne (Dansk Vestindien) med fokus på kravet om en kompensation, som efterkommere af slaverne har rejst mod Danmark.

https://bibliotek.dk/da/work/870970-basis%3A53067077